Quarantine

We recommend placing all new DanBred boars in an external quarantine facility for at least eight weeks before introducing them to an existing herd (12 weeks if PRRS is a consideration). This quarantine period is important for giving you time to:

Detect any unwanted diseases.
Administer all necessary vaccinations.

The quarantine period lays the foundation for ensuring that new DanBred boars have a long, productive life so it important to make sure the unit is well managed and the animals get all the attention they need. The quarantine must be securely separated from the existing herd – and employees must also be separated. All management should follow an all-in-all-out flow.

Focusing on well-managed facilities can be helpful in everyday routines

Everyday management can be optimised through follow ups in the office- for instance using LEAN principles

With good housing, feeding and management, the boars’ gastric health, weight and leg condition will be optimal when the time comes for training and semen production. These parameters have a huge impact on the longevity of each boar and its ability to produce semen of good quality.

Preparation of the quarantine unit – cleaning procedure

Before the boars arrive, make sure the quarantine unit has been washed, disinfected and dried. This is essential for the health of the new boars.

Make sure the slurry pits are empty
Soak all surfaces including walls, floors and fixed equipment. Let them soak for 12 to 24 hours

Soaking the pens using the sprinkler system

High-pressure wash all surfaces with clean water, making sure everything is visibly clean and all debris removed

High pressure cleaning – Remember safety equipment

Wash all surfaces with soap on the same day as high-pressure washing with water

Applying soap to all surfaces – Remember safety equipment

Rinse everything with low-pressure water on the same day as washing it with soap
Disinfect all surfaces on the same day as rinsing

Disinfect all surfaces – Remember safety equipment

All surfaces and areas must be dry before the new animals arrive. The ambient temperature should be at least 20°C so you might have to add heating.

Drying can be managed with an electric heater to speed up the process

After disinfection, the pens must be completely dry so there are no wet spots on the floor or the feeding troughs

Now the quarantine unit is ready for the arrival of your new DanBred boars

Completely clean and dry pen, with no wet spots

Prepared pen with straw and bedding ready to receive the boar

Disinfection of the water system

It is extremely important to disinfect the water system to remove any biofilm from the water pipes, as biofilm could be teeming with infectious bacteria. Rinse the water system twice with an approved disinfectant followed by at least one full-system rinse with clean water:

Carry out the first rinse after washing the surface of the water nipples or drinkers
Complete the second rinse the day before the animals arrive – and not before
Let the cleaning product soak in for about 5 hours
Make sure the water system is rinsed with clean water at least once before the animals arrive

When rinsing the pipes, you can fix a clamp onto the drinkers to get the water running

Check waterflow before arrival of the boars to make sure systems are up and running

Arrival – entry and quality control

It is important to make sure the new DanBred boars get a good start.

Move the boars into the quarantine unit one pen at a time, and make sure to keep safe by having a board close by at all times

Check the delivery notes thoroughly to make sure the DanBred boars delivered match your order.

Check which vaccinations have already been administered by the supplier
Make sure you keep boars of the same age and from the same herd together
Make sure all the boars get fresh water and feed as soon as they arrive

Check all animals for signs of disease or injuries every day

Going through the pens every day is important, a quick check can be made during feeding of the boars

When going through the pens, it is important to make notes on different signs and development of the boars condition

Recommended temperature in the quarantine unit: 15-20 °C

Temperature settings should be checked upon arrival, and set to follow a curve – always make sure to check temperature levels on a daily basis

Recommended area per animal:

Weight	Recommended area per animal	Area per animal cf. Danish legislation
50 – 85 kg	0,75 – 1,00 m² per animal	0,55 m² per animal
85 – 110 kg	0,75 – 1,00 m² per animal	0,65 m² per animal
110+ kg	1,50 – 1,90 m² per animal	1,00 m² per animal

Everyday tasks during the quarantine period

The new DanBred boars contribute to 50 per cent of the future genetic levels within the sow herd, which is why conditions in the quarantine unit should be a top priority. Make sure to allocate experienced, qualified employees to take care of the quarantine unit, but do not let anyone who has been in the quarantine unit go into any of the existing production herds.

Ongoing tasks

Inspect all boars at least once a day for any signs of disease

Boars can be inspected during feeding, where it is possible to clean out the pens at the same time

Once a week, check growth progress and calculate the daily gain of boars in each age group

Plan vaccination and immunisation according to the boars’ age together with the herd veterinarian. Be aware of vaccinations which were already given before delivery
Plan blood sampling to match the boars’ health in quarantine with that of the existing herd

When checking the boars always enter each pen- this gets the boars used to human contact and handling.

When entering the pens, make sure to have positive interactions with the boar, e.g. stroking of the back when roaming the pen

Handling the boars with positive interactions from an early age will make them easier to handle and more trustworthy

Handling young boars

Handling and training should always be calm and controlled. Human contact is a very important factor in the development of the boars’ social behaviours, so every human interaction should be positive. During daily procedures, try to teach the boars as many routines as possible. When handling the boars, there are a few pointers worth keeping in mind.

Handling and training should always be calm and controlled. Human contact is a very important factor in the development of the boars’ social behaviours, so every human interaction should be positive. During daily procedures, try to maintain the boars routines as much as possible. When handling the boars, there are a few pointers worth keeping in mind.

Employees should go through thorough training with boars, and be aware that the management of boars requires extra time.
Allow the boars to roam the pen calmly and approach you, making sure every interaction with them is positive.

When entering the pens, make sure that you act calm and decisively in order to make the boars interaction with you positive

Allowing the boars to approach you will make them more comfortable with you and trustworthy for the future

Act decisively, safely and predictably around the boars.
Train the boars from a young age – do not let them get away with bad behaviour or learn bad habits such as biting your boots when you enter the pen.
Put a hand on the boar to calm it down, and train them to recognise your voice or whistle commands. This helps the boars get used to human presence so they are easier to manage during production.

VACCINATION PROGRAMME

This vaccination programme is a guide based on a Danish setup. Always work out the vaccination strategy with expert guidance from the herd veterinarian, and always base the strategy on the health status of the herd. The vaccination of boars placed in the sow herd should also follow the same vaccination programme as the sows – with some adjustments.

Type	Age 1st vaccination	Age 2nd vaccination	Re-vaccination	Comment
Glässer’s disease	At entry to quarantine	3 weeks after 1st vaccination
Porcine Parvo Virus – PPV	5½ months	3 weeks after 1st vaccination	Every six months
Erysipelas *	5½ months	3 weeks after 1st vaccination	Every six months
Porcine circovirus type 2 – PCV2**	5½ months		Every six months
PRRS US & PRRS EU ***	5½ months	3 weeks after 1st vaccination		This vaccination assumes that an inactivated/killed vaccine is used
Mycoplasma	At entry to quarantine	2 weeks after 1st vaccination		Can be given as One-Shot, depending on the type of vaccine
Influenza			3 times per year
APP	At entry to quarantine	2 weeks after 1st vaccination

* For Erysipelas, consider giving the youngest boars an extra boost during quarantine.
** This is DanBred’s recommendation for the PCV2 vaccination.
*** With activated/live PRRS vaccines, administer them once at the beginning of the boars’ quarantine. The use of live vaccines should be followed by a quarantine of at least 12 weeks.

Feeding young boars

DanBred boars have extraordinary genetic potential for reproductive performance. Paying careful attention to feeding your DanBred boar will be rewarded in the farrowing unit, where the full genetic potential will be released for excellent productivity.

Studies from SEGES Pig Research Centre have shown that a daily gain of 750-800 g/day from 30 kg to 140 kg led to the best possible basis for long-term reproduction and longevity. The table below shows the recommended content of energy, Standardized Ileal Digestible (SID) content as well as content per kg feed for selected nutrients when using restricted feeding.

Restricted feeding	Boars 30-65 kg	Boars 30-110 kg	Boars 65-110 kg¹	Boars > 110 kg¹
Energy density per kg feed	9.7 MJ NE/ 12.6 MJ ME/ 1.06 EW	9.5 MJ NE/ 12.5 MJ ME/ 1.05 EW	9.5 MJ NE/ 12.5 MJ ME/ 1.05 EW
SID Lysine per kg feed (g)	8.2	6.3	5.3	4.2
Total lysin per kg feed (g)	9.4	7.4	6.5	5.2
Minimum SID crude protein per kg (g)	125	105	100	95
Phosphorous per kg (g)2	5.8	4.9	4.6	4.2
Digestible phosphorus per kg (g)2	3.2	2.6	2.4	2.1
Calcium per kg (g)	7.8	7.2	6.8	6.8

¹This is also recommended for the boar unit – before and after the boar is taken into use
2 Based on usage of phytase
*NE = Net energy; ME = Metabolic Energy; EW= Net Energy using the Dutch evaluation system

Consider phase feeding for boars above 110 kg. The average daily gain and lean gain will be too high if using a diet for lactating sows or for boars which weigh 30-110 kg.

For boars between 30 and 110 kg, we recommend using the feed curve shown below. The amount of digestible lysine is particularly important to control lean growth. If the feeding system allows phase feeding, this can efficiently control growth rate, but it is not strictly necessary.

Recommended feeding curve for boars. Feed allowance is shown in kg. The feeding curve is based on feed with a content of 9.5 MJ NE/12.5 MJ ME/1.05 EW per kg of feed. Using one diet from 30-110 kg SID lysine should be 6.3g per kg equivalent to a total content of lysine at 7.4g per kg feed.
*NE = Net energy; ME = Metabolic Energy; EW= Net Energy in Dutch evaluation system

DanBred recommends following a restricted feeding curve to control daily gain in the boars.

If ad libitum feeding is your only option, follow the recommendations below for the recommended content of energy, Standardized Ileal Digestible (SID) content as well as content per kg feed for selected nutrients when using ad libitum feeding for boars from 30-110 kg and for boars above 110 kg, respectively.

Ad libitum feeding	Boars 30-110 kg	Boars >110 kg
Energy density per kg feed	9.2-9.5 MJ NE/ 12.0-12.5 MJ ME/ 0.97-1.00 EW	8.7-9.2 MJ NE/ 11.5-12.0 MJ ME/ 0.90-1.00 EW
SID Lysine per kg feed (g)	5.8	4.0
Total lysin per kg feed (g)	6.8	4.9
Minimum SID crude protein per kg (g)	102	90
Phosphorous per kg (g)1	4.7	4.0
Digestible phosphorus per kg (g)1	2.5	2.0
Calcium per kg (g)	6.9	6.5

1 Based on usage of phytase
*NE = Net energy; ME = Metabolic Energy; EW= Net Energy using the Dutch evaluation system

Quarantine